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Peperomia hirtipetiola

C.DC. (1913)

This name is accepted

Kingdom: Viridiplantae Phylum: Magnoliophyta Class/Clade: Magnoliids Order: Piperales Family: Piperaceae Genus: Peperomia

‘ala‘ala wai nui [alaala wai nui]

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Description

Key Characters:

Growth Form: Fleshy herbs.

Stems: Stems dark reddish purple, erect or sometimes ascending from a short repent base, stout, (30–)50–170 cm long, 5–20 mm in diameter toward base, unbranched or branched usually above middle, internodes ca. 2–15 cm long, moderately to densely hirsute, the hairs (0.6–)1–1.3 mm long.

Roots:

Leaves: Leaves simple. Opposite or sometimes whorled. Blades ovate, broadly lanceolate, or sometimes broadly ovate or elliptic–ovate, 7–21 cm long, (2.5–)3–4.5(–7.5) cm wide. Apex acuminate. Base broadly cuneate, rounded, or weakly cordate. Surfaces moderately hirsute, sometimes sparsely so on upper surface, medium green on upper surface; lower surfaces pale green, somewhat thickened, drying chartaceous. Margins flat ciliate. Pinnately veined, with 4–5 pairs of lateral veins, principal veins deeply impressed, some of the tertiary veins slightly impressed. Petioles 1.5–3 cm long, sometimes those of lower leaves up to 9.5 cm long, pilose. Stipules absent.

Flowers: Flowers in spikes usually several, terminal or sometimes axillary, 3–7(–9) cm long, the rachis ca. 2–4.5 mm in diameter, glabrous, flowers densely congested, peduncles 1–2 cm long, hirsute. Flowers bisexual (perfect), perianth absent. Each flower subtended by a peltate bract. Calyx (sepals) absent. Corolla (petals) absent. Stamens 2. Ovary superior, turbinate to obovoid, 1-carpellate, 1-celled; ovules 1 per cell, orthotropous, erect; stigmas terminal.

Fruit: Fruit obovoid; ca. 1 mm long; apex beaked; papillose–viscid with sessile glands. Seeds 1 per fruit; with scanty endosperm and copious; starchy perisperm.

Ploidy:

Habitat: Wet forests.

Elevation Range: 970–1,370 m.

Historical Distribution

Images

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Uses and Culture

USES

Natural History

Statewide Status

Endemic

Island Status

Kaua'i Endemic
Lana'i Endemic
Maui Endemic

Dispersal Agents


Pollinators

Bibliography

Name Published In: Coll. Hawaii Publ. Bull. 2: 31 (1913)

Other References

Wagner et al. 1990:1026 (L, M); Lorence et al. 1995:43 (K); Hank Oppenheimer pers. obs./Fosberg 12455 BISH (L†, 1935)

Occurrences

SNo. Scientific Name Locality Habitat Basis of Record Description Recorded By Record Number Island Source Date
1 Peperomia hirtipetiola West Maui, trail to Puu Kukui Preserved_Specimen Yuncker, T.G. 3424 Maui BISH 1933-03-04
2 Peperomia hirtipetiola Mahana Valley Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 8094 Lanai BISH 1910-07-01
3 Peperomia hirtipetiola Honokahou drainage basin Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 515 Maui BISH 1917-09-25
4 Peperomia hirtipetiola Waikamoi, Kula pipe line Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 1279 Maui BISH 1919-09-05
5 Peperomia hirtipetiola Puolaia Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 1749 Maui BISH 1919-12-05
6 Peperomia hirtipetiola West Maui, Eke trail, Keahikauoo Bog Preserved_Specimen Hobdy, R.W. 926 Maui BISH 1980-10-22
7 Peperomia hirtipetiola East Maui, Haleakala, Kula pipe line Preserved_Specimen Skottsberg, C.J.F. 845 Maui BISH 1922-10-18
8 Peperomia hirtipetiola Puolaia Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 1745 Maui BISH 1919-12-05
9 Peperomia hirtipetiola unknown Preserved_Specimen BISH
10 Peperomia hirtipetiola Makawao, Honopou, NW Haleakala, Kailua Stream, Koolau Forest Reserve wet ohia forest with native trees, shrubs, treefern Preserved_Specimen Warshauer, F.R. 2783 Maui BISH 1980-07-11
11 Peperomia hirtipetiola East Maui, Hana, Keanae, N Haleakala, above W Wailuanui Stream, Koolau Forest Reserve wet ohia forest with native trees, shrubs, treefern Preserved_Specimen 1 m tall Higashino, P.K. 9083 Maui BISH 1980-06-01
12 Peperomia hirtipetiola W Maui, Haelaau wooded ridge Preserved_Specimen leaves dark green above, pale green below; stems 15 mm diam. St.John, H. 10185 Maui BISH 1930-02-05
13 Peperomia hirtipetiola West Maui, Lahaina District, Kaua`ula Valley, North fork. Vegetation: Metrosideros, Cheirodendron, Dodonaea, Perrottetia, Broussaisia, Kadua, Psychotria, Xylosma, Ilex, Cibotium, Sadleria, Cyanea, Diplazium, Peperomia, Clermontia, Christella, Coprosma, Pneumatopteris, Freycinetia, Elaphoglossum, Dicranopteris, Sticherus, Diplopterygium, Smilax, Dubautia, Microlepia. Preserved_Specimen Common upright herbs to 1 meter pluss tall; stems reddis-purple, mostly unbranched. Oppenheimer, H.L. 20936 Maui BISH 2009-02-19
14 Peperomia hirtipetiola East Maui, above Olinda pipe line trail, wet woods Preserved_Specimen Yuncker, T.G. 3472 Maui BISH 1933-03-04
15 Peperomia hirtipetiola W Maui, Lahaina District, Lihau Montane Wet Shrubland at 4050 ft under a Metrosideros canopy with Myrsine, Coprosma, Hedyotis, Broussaisia, Psychotria, Ilex, Cyrtandra, Cyanea macrostegia, and a diversity of native ferns Preserved_Specimen Welton, P. 1284 Maui BISH 1991-08-27
16 Peperomia hirtipetiola East Maui, above Olinda pipe line trail Preserved_Specimen Yuncker, T.G. 3471 Maui BISH 1933-03-02
17 Peperomia hirtipetiola Hanalei District. Lumahai, upper valley, Mahinakehau Cave. Cave with talus rubble, about 80 meters broad, with seeping wet walls dominated by the fern Cyclosorus sandwicensis and shrub Cyrtandra wawrae with Boehmeria grandis, Pisonia wagneriana, Perrottetia sandwicensis, Hillebrandia sandwicensis, Peperomia hirtipetiola, P. hesperomannii, P. latifolia, Kadua eletior, Machaerina angustifolia, Hymenaspl Preserved_Specimen Herb, terrestrial on boulder talus along cave floor, in flower with Peperomia latifolia, P. hesperomannii, stems dark to light green, leaves dark green above, light green below, occasional. Wood, K.R. 17400 Kauai BISH 2017-05-17
18 Peperomia hirtipetiola East Maui, Olinda damp woods Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 2639 Maui BISH 1927-06-14
19 Peperomia hirtipetiola East Maui, Waikamoi Ditch Trail Dense forest. Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 10388 Maui BISH 1911-05-01
20 Peperomia hirtipetiola Makawao District, western Honomanu Metrosideros-Cheirodendron-Dicranopteris wet forest with Perrottetia sandwicensis, Diplazium sandwichianum, Gunnera, Dryopteris wallichiana, Pteris excelsa, Sadleria spp, Asplenium spp, Scaevola chamissoniana, Labordia hirtella, Astelia menziesiana, Cl Preserved_Specimen herb, up to 50 cm tall Wood, K.R. 15055 Maui BISH 2012-06-27
21 Peperomia hirtipetiola East Maui, above Olinda pipe line trail Preserved_Specimen Yuncker, T.G. 3430 Maui BISH 1933-03-02
22 Peperomia hirtipetiola Kipahulu, L side ridge Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 1683 Maui BISH 1919-11-18
23 Peperomia hirtipetiola W Maui, Waihee valley, back of valley near Wall of Tears In Metrosideros- Cheirodendron trigynum wet forest with Pipturus albidus, Clermontia micrantha, Cyanea scabra, Wikstroemia, Sadleria cyatheoides, Dubautia plantaginea, Cibotium, Dicranopteris linearis, Psychotria, Broussaisia arguta, Bidens conjuncta, Labordia hedyosmifolia, Machaerina angustifolia. Preserved_Specimen 1 m high with frt spikes. Perlman, S. 21254 Maui BISH 2008-11-07
24 Peperomia hirtipetiola Hanalei District; Wainihi, upper northeastern fork. Closed Metrosideros lowland wet forest, 8-12 meter canopy, surrounded by steep valley walls with Dicranopteris and mixed shrubs Understory dominated by Antidesma with Syzygium, Broussaisia, Perrottetia, Cyrtandra spp., Psychotria spp., Dubautia spp., Labordia spp., Coprosma waimeae, Cheirodendron spp., Polyscias kaviensis, P. oahuen Preserved_Specimen herb, 50 cm. tall, terrestriqal in dark forest understory, stems sub-erect, medium green, leaves dark green above, light green below, spike green, occasional with P. hesperomannii Wood, K.R. 15929 Kauai BISH 2014-04-23
25 Peperomia hirtipetiola East Maui, Hana District, Hana Forest Reserve, Hana Ranch lands, on northernmost hill of Kaihuakala Heavily vegetated slope dominated by Dicranopteris linearis with Hedychium coronarium, H. gardnerianum; scattered natives include Hedyotis hillebrandii, Cheirodendron trigynum, Coprosma ochracea, Tetraplasandra oahuensis, Broussaisia arguta, Perrottetia sandwicensis, Cibotium glaucum, Labordia hedyosmifolia, Ilex anomala, Psychotria mariniana, Antidesma platyphylla. Preserved_Specimen Terrestrial stout-stemmed herb. Imada, C. 200262 Maui BISH 2002-11-04
26 Peperomia hirtipetiola West Maui, Hanaula wet forest Preserved_Specimen 1.2-1.7 m x 2 cm erect plants Hobdy, R.W. 2067 Maui BISH 1984-04-20
27 Peperomia hirtipetiola West Maui, Hanaula pipeline from spring to reservoir; wet forest of Metrosideros, ferns, Hedyotis hillebrandii, Broussaisia arguta, Touchardia Preserved_Specimen Wagner, W.L. 5873 Maui BISH 1988-03-08
28 Peperomia hirtipetiola East Maui, Waikamoi access road Preserved_Specimen to 1.2 m tall Hobdy, R.W. 1898 Maui BISH 1984-01-02
29 Peperomia hirtipetiola East Maui, Kipahulu Valley, lower dogleg mesic to wet koa forest with Perrottetia sandwicensis, Psychotria hawaiiensis, Broussaisia arguta, Hedyotis acuminata Preserved_Specimen up to 0.7 m tall Wagner, W.L. 5896 Maui BISH 1988-03-09
30 Peperomia hirtipetiola W Maui, up trail from Haelaau Cabin at transect station 4.5400 mesic forest Preserved_Specimen herb to 0.75 m Annable, C.R. 3857 Maui BISH 1998-03-05
31 Peperomia hirtipetiola W Maui, Lahaina District, Lihau Montane Wet Shrubland at 3940 ft at the headwalls of a large drainage with Metrosideros, Myrsine, Ilex, Psychotria, Cheirodendron, Touchardia, Schiedea diffusa, Nothocestrum, Pipturus, Labordia, and a diversity of native ferns Preserved_Specimen Welton, P. 1293 Maui BISH 1991-08-27
32 Peperomia hirtipetiola East Maui, above Olinda pipe line trail Preserved_Specimen Yuncker, T.G. 3429 Maui BISH 1933-03-02
33 Peperomia hirtipetiola East Maui, Waikamoi lower flume Preserved_Specimen Hobdy, R.W. 594 Maui BISH 1979-05-20
34 Peperomia hirtipetiola East Maui, Hana District, Hana Forest Reserve, Hana Ranch lands, open ridge N of Moomoonui Stream In small drainage dominated by overstory of Psidium cattleianum and Ardisia elliptica, with Dicranopteris linearis, Spathoglottis plicata, Sphenomeris chinensis, Cibotium glaucum, Ludwigia octovalvis, Cyperus haspan, Sacciolepis indica, Tibouchina herbacea. Preserved_Specimen Stout-stemmed herb on wet rock face. Imada, C. 200268 Maui BISH 2002-11-06
35 Peperomia hirtipetiola East Maui, Waikamoi Ditch Trail Dense forest. Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 10388 Maui BISH 1911-05-01
36 Peperomia hirtipetiola W Maui, Lahaina District, Haelaau-Puu Kukui Trail rain forest Preserved_Specimen Ewart III, G.R. 64 Maui BISH 1928-12-21
37 Peperomia hirtipetiola East Maui, Olinda, Kula pipe line wet woods Preserved_Specimen St.John, H. 10331 Maui BISH 1930-02-12
38 Peperomia hirtipetiola Hanalei District: Upper Waioli Valley, in hanging vallly N of Kaliko Peak, above mist waterfall, on N face of Namolokama Mtn. Transcet 3 Lowland wet forest and shrubland with Metrosideros polymorpha, Perrottetia, Cheirodendron, Freycinetia, Cibotium, many pteridophytes. Preserved_Specimen Herb 30-40 cm tall, stems erect, sparsely branched from base, dull reddish-green. Lorence, D.H. 7305 Kauai BISH 1993-01-21
39 Peperomia hirtipetiola East Maui, below Kula pipe line Preserved_Specimen Munro, G.C. 799 Maui BISH 1928-02-22
40 Peperomia hirtipetiola East Maui, Waikamoi forest along road Preserved_Specimen to 2' erect; leaves ternate dull green, paler below, densely softly hispid with hairs, 16 cm long, blade orate 12 x 5.5 cm; petiole 4 cm; petioles and upper stem hispid, sterile Hobdy, R.W. 880 Maui BISH 1980-09-24
41 Peperomia hirtipetiola Makawao, Haiku Uka, NW Haleakala, betwen Opana and Kailua Gulches wet koa-ohia forest with native trees, shrubs, treefern; ridge Preserved_Specimen Warshauer, F.R. 2774 Maui BISH 1980-07-10
42 Peperomia hirtipetiola East Maui, E Kapiliula Acacia, Metrosideros, uluhe mat ferns, ohia, Cheirodendron, Ilex, Clermontia arborescens, Scaevola chamissoniana, Myrsine lessertiana, Melicope, Hedyotis, Coprosma, Perrottetia, Broussaisia, Vaccinium, Styphelia, Cyrtandra, Rubus hawaiensis, bryophytes; dark, moist Preserved_Specimen 1.5 m herb; light green Wood, K.R. 11320 Maui BISH 2005-05-04
43 Peperomia hirtipetiola Puu Aalii, ridge S of moist forest, under Gleichenia tangles Preserved_Specimen leaves green above, pallid beneath Fosberg, F.R. 12455 Lanai BISH 1935-11-30
44 Peperomia hirtipetiola W Maui, Haelaau wet forest Preserved_Specimen Cranwell, L.M. 2771 Maui BISH 1938-08-01
45 Peperomia hirtipetiola Olinda pipe trail Preserved_Specimen Meebold, A. 21340 Maui BISH 1935-10-01
46 Peperomia hirtipetiola East Maui, Waikamoi lower flume Preserved_Specimen Hobdy, R.W. 1940 Maui BISH 1984-02-05
47 Peperomia hirtipetiola East Maui, Waikamoi Ditch Trail In dense forest. Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 10386 Maui BISH 1911-05-01
48 Peperomia hirtipetiola East Maui, above Olinda pipe line trail Preserved_Specimen Yuncker, T.G. 3427 Maui BISH 1983-03-02
49 Peperomia hirtipetiola Lahiana District. W Maui, Kauaula Valley, back of valley, upper N fork of river. Metrosideros-Cheirodendron wet forest, 8 - 12 m tall canopy, riparian w/ saturated talus & seeping, vertical basalt walls, steep Dicranopteris banks. Understory w/ Touchardia, Broussaisia, Coprosma pubescens, Boehmeria, Pipturus, Diplazium, Cyrtandra spp., Kadua spp., Cyanea scabra, Gunnera. Preserved_Specimen Herb, up to 2 m tall, cutting for NTBG acc. #090213 Wood, K.R. 13486 Maui BISH 2009-02-19
50 Peperomia hirtipetiola Makawao, Haiku Uka, NW Haleakala, betwen Opana and Kailua Gulches wet koa-ohia forest with native trees, shrubs, treefern; ridge Preserved_Specimen 70 cm x 2 cm Warshauer, F.R. 2764 Maui BISH 1980-07-09
51 Peperomia hirtipetiola Kipahulu, R side ridge Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 1691 Maui BISH 1919-11-20
52 Peperomia hirtipetiola East Maui, Kipahulu Valley, lower dogleg mesic to wet koa forest with Perrottetia sandwicensis, Psychotria hawaiiensis, Broussaisia arguta, Hedyotis acuminata Preserved_Specimen up to 0.5 m tall herb Wagner, W.L. 5901 Maui BISH 1988-03-09
53 Peperomia hirtipetiola Makawao, Olinda pipe line road, lower fork, wet Preserved_Specimen 2' high Chock, A.K. 308 Maui BISH 1951-12-25
54 Peperomia hirtipetiola Hanaula pipeline trail in ground with Pipturus, Gleicheniaceae Preserved_Specimen 4' x >1; several branches from base; aromatic Stemmermann, R.L. 2365 Maui BISH 1977-06-13
55 Peperomia hirtipetiola Haipuaena, L ridge Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 2645 Maui BISH 1920-06-28
56 Peperomia hirtipetiola Hanalei District: Headwaters of Wainiha River, NE fork, just SW of Mahinakehau Ridge Lowland wet forest with Metrosideros polymorpha dominant, also Antidesma, Syzygium, Broussaisia, Boehmeria, & Perrottetia, with understory of pteridophytes, Cyrtandra, & Cyanea. Slopes moderate to steep. Preserved_Specimen Herb 0.5-0.8 m, stem usually unbranched, green or brown-tinged. Leaves green, discolorous, spikes green. Lorence, D.H. 7342 Kauai BISH 1993-01-29
57 Peperomia hirtipetiola Olinda, Makawao Forest Reserve pipe line extension Preserved_Specimen Woolford, H.A. 182 Maui BISH 1956-12-01
58 Peperomia hirtipetiola West Maui, Wailuku District, Pohakea Gulch Vegetation: Metrosideros, Cheirodendron, Myrsine, Melicope, Coprosma, Ilex, Clermontia, Cyrtandra, Dryopteris, Sadleria, Cibotium, Pipturus, Carex Preserved_Specimen Erect, terrestrial, unbranched, dark purple succulent stems; leaves all opposite, bases often cordate, spike terminal. Unusual form. Oppenheimer, H.L. 32408 Maui BISH 2024-03-15
59 Peperomia hirtipetiola North slope of Haleakala, forests of Hamakua Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 8506 Maui BISH 1910-09-01
60 Peperomia hirtipetiola East Maui, Halekala, Kula pipe line Preserved_Specimen Skottsberg, C.J.F. 859 Maui BISH 1922-10-18
61 Peperomia hirtipetiola Hana, Puu Ahulii, ~1 km E of Niniao Pali, Kipahulu Forest Reserve wet koa-ohia forest with native trees, shrubs, treefern; ridge Preserved_Specimen Warshauer, F.R. 3017 Maui BISH 1980-08-23
62 Peperomia hirtipetiola East Maui, Waikamoi Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 10399 Maui BISH 1911-05-01
63 Peperomia hirtipetiola East Maui, Waikamoi trail Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 10391 Maui BISH 1911-05-01
64 Peperomia hirtipetiola West Maui, Iao Valley Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 101 Maui BISH 1910-06-01
65 Peperomia hirtipetiola East Maui, Waikamoi Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 10595 Maui BISH 1911-05-10
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